ক্যাটাগরি কারিগরি

Sometime in 2012, ETSI introduced NFV (Network Function Virtualization) to automate telecom service/application using cloud technologies. Soon, ETSI realized that only NFV was not sufficient for automation. To complement NFV, a few years later, ETSI started MANO (Management and Orchestration) framework. Conceptually, the buzzwords like NFV, Cloud, Orchestration (MANO) etc. may look easy to grasp;… বিস্তারিত পড়ুন X-As-A-Y: What-As-A-Why!

The old school SDN needs forwarding-plane programmability. There are two opposing camps in this school-of-thought -FIB-programmability (OpenFlow camp) VS Packet-programmability (Segment-Routing camp). Luckily the battle is now almost over, and dust almost settled. The winner is seemingly the later -the SR camp. Segment-Routing is more than an SDN protocol; it’s an umbrella technology under which… বিস্তারিত পড়ুন Segment Routing: As Old School SDN

Last two decade or so, at the time when manufacturing and service industries were embracing automation, Telecom took a different strategy instead. Many operators went through the various operating model from BPO (Business Process Outsourcing) to KPO (Knowledge Process Outsourcing). Its a puzzle, as a native tech industry, why Telecom failed to automate end to… বিস্তারিত পড়ুন Telecom Automation: What’s going on?

The groundbreaking work in psychology by Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman transformed our understanding of human behaviours. Their research opened new academic discipline of behavioural economics, later it extended to science and engineering. In recognition, Kahneman received the Nobel memorial prize in Economics in 2002 (Sadly, Tversky died in 1996).  Human cognition has two modes… বিস্তারিত পড়ুন Human Bias On Cloud-Native Transformation

Not all parts of an SP’s network are the same. From the planning as well as operational perspective, the access network is very different from the core. The core, on the other hand, is nothing like a data centre network (DCN), and so on. At heart, what makes them different is the traffic pattern. In… বিস্তারিত পড়ুন SR is SDN done right! OpenFlow VS Segment Routing

It is now unanimous among the biologist that during last five mass extinction events the species with specialization suffered the most, while survivors were more generalized. A generalized species doesn’t complain much about food to eat and place to live; as a result, it endures during the significant natural catastrophe. In biology, the rule of… বিস্তারিত পড়ুন End of Process – Beginning of Collaboration

The QoS (Quality of Service) is not a specific technology per se; instead, it’s a “set of requirements” that needs a precise definition before design and implementation. If the requirement is to achieve low latency and zero packet-loss, one deployment scenario would be -matching and marking traffic at the network ingress and implement appropriate scheduling… বিস্তারিত পড়ুন MTC – A QoS Quandary?

Probably the quirkiest architecture specified for EPC was the support for the untrusted non-3GPP access network. The most sought-after use-case for this architecture was the VoWiFi. But, VoWiFi never gained notable traction due to two major flaws in the EPC architecture. Firstly, in EPC, a mobile device doesn’t have session continuity when moving between 3GPP… বিস্তারিত পড়ুন N3IWF for MEC & GPON as 5G-AS

Just like any commercial technology, the ultimate fate of a telco technology depends on market forces. In the telco industry, the invisible hands of the market have created two opposite pulls. The biggest one -the human needs highspeed and instantaneous data rate; the opposite one -the machines, headed toward low-speed and delay-tolerant IoT use-cases. Such a… বিস্তারিত পড়ুন The Demise Of The 3G?

Data roaming is an indispensable revenue generator for a telco operator. But, providing international data roaming service is no trivial feat. The process starts with finding a suitable IPX (IP Exchange, formally known as GRX -GPRS Roaming Exchange) and establishing IP connectivity (usually) over 1Gbps links. Then the operator needs to update its Gp/S8, DNS,… বিস্তারিত পড়ুন NNI For 5G Roaming: From IPX To IXP?

Among the five distinct 5G-system (5GS) deployments scenarios, the telco industry seems headed toward Option-2 and Option-3. When 5G core (5GC) is used, we’ve Option-2, so-call the Standalone (SA). For early commercial deploy with EPC (know as EN-DC, eUTRA-NR Dual Connectivity), we’ve Option-3 -the Non-Standalone (NSA). If you think for a while, it should ring… বিস্তারিত পড়ুন 5G: Virtualization The Rescuer!

“Who ordered that?” – Isaac Rabi, on the discovered the muon, a surprisingly heavy cousin of the electron with no apparent purpose other than to baffle scientists. Mr. Market was correct about 2G packet switch technology, the EDGE was more than just an alternative to a dial-up connection. Mr. Market was vindicated when the HSPA+,… বিস্তারিত পড়ুন Why 5G?

This tutorial is an enhancement of our previous OpenStack deployment. The OFSW1-3 are Zodiac FX from Northbound Networks. Zodiac supports OpenFlow, but in this tutorial ports configured as native and minimal integration with ODL is done. At the end of this tutorial, you will see all of them in the topology view of the ODL GUI.… বিস্তারিত পড়ুন OpenStack & OpenDaylight: NetVirt

OpenStack is an opensource framework for datacenter IaaS (infrastructure as a service). Openstack framework contains a suite of software that together works as a cloud operating system for data center resources automation. You can find the list of ongoing projects under OpenStack here. Cloud OS Openstack combined with network OS, (so-called SDN controller) like ONOS can pose… বিস্তারিত পড়ুন OpenStack, KVM, OVS: A Quick Tutorial (Part 1)

The Controller Node In this tutorial, we will use Ubuntu Server 16.04.3 LTS. You should be able to spin off VMs from the horizon dashboard at the end of this tutorial. Please change the interface name to reflect your host NIC. The controller in this tutorial is also used as a compute node. Note: each green… বিস্তারিত পড়ুন OpenStack, KVM, OVS: Controller Node (Part 2)

The Compute Node We will use Ubuntu Server 16.04.3 LTS. Please change the interface name to reflect your host NIC. A compute node needs to run only following services and subsystems: Nova: nova compute Neutron:  neutron openvswitch agent neutron metadata agent neutron l3 agent neutron dhcp agent Let’s start #this command will save a lot of time:… বিস্তারিত পড়ুন OpenStack, KVM, OVS: Compute Node (Part 3)